The Crown of Thorns of Christ and Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris. Crown of thorns Jesus crown of thorns
According to the Solikamsk diocese of the Perm Metropolis, on January 23, the great Christian shrines - the thorn from the Savior's crown of thorns and part of His clothing - were transferred for eternal storage to Archbishop Zosima of Solikamsk and Chusovsky. In the future, the shrines will be permanently located in the Holy Trinity Monastery in the city of Solikamsk, the diocese website reports.
The Savior's crown of thorns - the same one that the soldiers placed on the head of the Lord Jesus Christ, aggravating His suffering - is kept in France, in the Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris. For many centuries it has served as an object of worship.
“Then Pilate took Jesus and ordered him to be beaten. And the soldiers wove a crown of thorns, put it on His head, and clothed Him in purple.”(John 19:1-2).
The first historical document that mentions this relic is dated 409. At that time, the crown was kept in Jerusalem, where many pilgrims were already flocking. The thorns were sent as gifts to cathedrals and temples in various Christian countries. Some of the pilgrims were given individual thorns from the crown as a gift.
In 1063, the crown of thorns was transported to the imperial palace in Constantinople. And in 1204, the capital of Byzantium was captured, burned and ravaged by the crusaders. In 1239, the exported relics, including the crown of thorns, were taken to Paris.
The crown of thorns is a ring made of thorns with a diameter of more than 20 cm. Its original appearance is practically impossible to restore, since for many centuries fragments of the relic were distributed to believers.
As for the Tunic of the Savior, according to the Gospel narrative, His tunic - the Robe of the Lord - went to one of the soldiers by lot:
“...When the soldiers crucified Jesus, they took His clothes and divided them into four parts, a piece for each soldier, and a tunic; The tunic was not sewn, but entirely woven on top. So, they said to each other: “We will not tear it apart, but let us cast lots for it, whose it will be, so that what is said in the Scripture may be fulfilled: They divided My Robes among themselves and cast lots for My Clothes...”(John 19:23-24)
The Chiton (another name is Tunic) was once woven by the Most Holy Theotokos herself from soft, thin camel hair. It is called seamless because it has no seams. According to church tradition, Heaton was redeemed by the first Christians from the soldiers who crucified Christ and divided His clothes by lot. In the 4th century, the shrine was found in Palestine by the holy queen Helen. In 800, the Byzantine Empress Irene donated the seamless Tunic to Emperor Charlemagne as a symbol of the indivisibility of the Roman Empire. Since then, the shrine has been kept in the monastery of the Mother of God in Argenteuil, on the outskirts of Paris. In 2012, a piece of Chiton was transferred to the Spaso-Yakovlevsky Dimitrievsky Monastery of the Russian Orthodox Church in Rostov the Great.
At the end of the twentieth century, Tunica was studied by scientists. They found that there were blood stains on her, the position of which, on her back and shoulder, indicated injuries received during scourging and carrying the cross. Scientists also concluded that the wounds and blood stains imprinted on the Chiton are identical to those preserved on the Shroud of Turin, and the fabric of the shrine itself dates back to the 1st century AD.
Every year, hundreds of thousands of pilgrims from all over the world flock to the monastery in Argenteuil to venerate the Chiton of the Savior. There are numerous known cases of healing through prayers to the Lord Jesus Christ in front of the shrine.
The shrines will be permanently located in the Holy Trinity Monastery in Solikamsk.
From the Bible. The Gospels of the New Testament speak of a thorny thorn that Roman soldiers put on the head of Jesus before his execution on the cross (Matthew, ch. 27, v. 29; Mark, ch. 15, v. 17; John, ch. 19, v. 2): “And the soldiers, gossiping... ... Dictionary of popular words and expressions
Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
Martyrdom, cross Dictionary of Russian synonyms. crown of thorns noun, number of synonyms: 6 acanthaster (2) ... Synonym dictionary
Modern encyclopedia
TURN, a, m. Blackthorn, as well as its fruit. Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 … Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary
- (Acanthaster planci), multi-rayed (up to 20 rays) starfish of the family. (Acanthasteridae) neg. needle stars (Valvatida). Diam. up to 50 cm. Lives on coral reefs of the Pacific and Indian oceans. The body is covered with numerous long needles up to 3 cm (from here... ... Biological encyclopedic dictionary
crown of thorns- CROWN OF THORNS, multi-rayed starfish. Inhabits coral reefs of the Pacific and Indian oceans. The body (up to 50 cm in diameter) is covered with numerous needles up to 3 cm long (hence the name), the injections of which are painful for humans and can cause... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary
Multi-rayed starfish. Body covered with needles (hence the name), up to 50 cm in diameter. On coral reefs of the tropical Pacific and Indian oceans. Needle injections are very painful. With strong outbreaks of numbers, the crown of thorns destroys... ... encyclopedic Dictionary
Crown of thorns (martyrdom) accept, wear (foreign) endure torment. Wed. Blessed is... who with a joyful face carries his cross resignedly Under the crown of thorns. K.R. “Blessed.” (1885.) Wed. Be patient, hope and pray: He Himself wore the crown... ... Michelson's Large Explanatory and Phraseological Dictionary (original spelling)
crown of thorns- the crown that the servants of the high priest and the soldiers placed on the head of the Lord (Gospel of Matthew, 27, 29). According to interpreters of the Holy Scriptures, this crown was woven from white thorns, which grew in abundance near Jerusalem... Orthodox Encyclopedia
Books
- The Crown of Thorns of Ataman Dutov, Vadim Goltsev. The book “The Crown of Thorns of Ataman Dutov” is the penultimate work of the famous researcher of the Civil War in Russia Vadim Alekseevich Goltsev, the author of the books “Siberian Vendee”,… eBook
- Crown of thorns disease. Experience of overcoming cancer, Archpriest Mikhail Ovchinnikov. Archpriest Mikhail Ovchinnikov survived a terrible car accident in 1999. Having injuries, as doctors said, incompatible with life, he suffered a series of clinical deaths and a real miracle (without...
“Tell me quickly what kind of sales there were in Paris,” the friend first asked. “Have you not even been to the Louvre?!” Dad asked in amazement. No, besides the sales, the Louvre and the Eiffel Tower (which, by the way, those who wanted to also saw it), it turns out that the most important things in Paris are hidden from the eyes of tourists. Not all Parisians know about this, and those who know do not have the opportunity to watch. Our story today is about the main Christian shrine of Paris.
On the afternoon of January 1, there is a long line outside Notre Dame Cathedral. On the first Friday of every month, the solemn removal of the Crown of Thorns of Christ takes place, and the pilgrims of the service of St. Thomas the Apostle and I head to the Cathedral. The Crown of the Savior has been kept in France since the thirteenth century, but how many tourists know about this greatest shrine?
“This is perceived as a miracle: in the Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris (Notre Dame) one of the greatest shrines of the Christian world is kept: the Crown of Thorns of the Savior - the same one that the soldiers placed on the head of Jesus Christ, aggravating His suffering.”
D. Nikolay Nikishin
The stories of pilgrims who visited Jerusalem in the 4th century retained mention of the Crown of Thorns of Christ and the instruments of the Lord’s suffering. Mentions of the crown are found in the texts of St. Paulinus of Nolan (409), St. Anthony the Martyr (570), Cassiodorus (575), Bernard (870). From the 7th to the 10th centuries, the greatest shrines gradually began to be transported to Byzantium, fearing Persian raids.
Then Pilate took Jesus and ordered him to be beaten. And the soldiers wove a crown of thorns, put it on His head, and clothed Him in scarlet robe (John 19:1-2)
Crown of thorns of the Savior
At the beginning of the 13th century, Emperor Baldwin II of Constantinople decided to pawn the crown in the Venetian bank for debts in order to pay off creditors, but there was nothing to redeem it with, then King Louis IX of France (Saint Louis, canonized by the Catholic Church) bought the Crown of Thorns from the bank Christ for almost half of the annual budget of France - 135 thousand livres - a colossal amount. Louis the Saint inherited a difficult and fragmented state, and the bringing of great shrines to France was supposed to help him raise the religious prestige of the country.
Then Pilate gave Jesus and the bi (Him) a drink: and the soldiers plaited a crown of thorns, put it on His head, and clothed Him in a scarlet robe (John 19: 1-2)
It’s scary to think that if the strengthening European countries had not taken away many Christian shrines from Byzantium, then they would all have faced the fate of the hometown of St. Nicholas - Myra of Lycia, where the dilapidated Orthodox church is in stunning desolation. Even though they are Catholics, these shrines are preserved in Europe even today with amazing care and great respect.
The year was 1238. Louis IX came out to meet the procession with the Crown of Thorns and 28 other great shrines 40 (!) kilometers from Paris. He took off all the royal regalia and walked barefoot in a simple tunic. He and his brother carried the crown of Christ all the way to Paris. Two years later, a piece of the Holy Cross was brought to Paris. For these shrines, the chapel Sainte-Chapelle (Holy Chapel) was built - one of the most famous masterpieces of Gothic architecture, and this chapel cost three times less than the Crown of Thorns. Louis sent the Crown's thorns as a gift to other states.
Louis IX meets the Crown of Thorns
During the revolution, Saint-Chapelle burned, the relics of Genevieve, one of the most revered French saints, were burned, but the crown survived and was transferred to the National Library, and in 1801 Napoleon gave it to the Archbishop of Paris. Napoleon I and Napoleon III presented reliquaries to store the Crown of Thorns.
I took off My robe and clothed Me in a scarlet robe, placing a crown of thorns on My head and placing a reed in My right hand, that I might crush them like vessels of the poor.
Today the crown is kept in Notre Dame Cathedral, about which tourists only know that it is one of the main French cathedrals, stands on the Seine and is famous for its stained glass windows and chimeras, and in front of it is the starting point of the zero kilometer of France.
At Notre Dame Cathedral
There is a long line in front of the Cathedral - Catholics are trying to get to the rite of veneration of the crown. We make our way into the Cathedral, they ask us to put away our cameras. But what about our readers - can’t we really show them this amazing rite and the Crown of Christ itself? We need to come to an agreement with the local priests, we decide with our guide Timofey and turn to the minister in a red robe standing behind the fence. I express to him my request that we are for an Orthodox site, that we want to show Venets to readers from Russia. He invites us to go to the sacristy, where everything is ready for the solemn procession.
Stained glass windows of Notre Dame
As we learned later, the main custodian of the crown approaches us (I wonder, if he decides to bless us, what to do - all I have time to think about is, but my “fears” are in vain, he extends his hand for a handshake). Now we explain to him that we want to show the Crown, the rite of removal, for Russian readers. He thinks about it, then says that there is already a photo report somewhere on the Internet (after all, Catholics have never learned to work with the press!), but then he agrees, allowing him to follow the procession and take pictures. Satisfied, we return to the temple, but then the guard approaches us again, demanding that we remove the photographic equipment:
We were allowed!
Who gave you permission?
Well, we don't know what his name is, Monseigneur....cardinal?
What cardinal?! – the guard is amazed.
Well, excuse me, we don’t know what kind of cardinals you have here and what their names are. We didn’t ask... But they allowed us!
The security guard calls on the radio, finds out that Russian journalists were indeed allowed to film, and leads us to the front row.
The crowd parts and a procession emerges from the sacristy - knights, ladies in black and finally the guardians of the crown along with Catholic priests. The crown, a piece of the Holy Cross and the nail of the crucifixion are carried through the temple and solemnly placed on the throne. The Gospels of the Passion of the Lord are read, a woman in a blue robe sings chants to the accompaniment of an organ.
Carrying out the crown of Christ
The worship of Crown begins. They are not allowed to venerate (they say that they usually allow veneration, but due to the flu epidemic they decided to temporarily suspend the tradition), you can only bow to the ground. Bow to the Passionate Crown and stand there, not believing your eyes.
The Crown of the Savior has been kept in France since the 13th century. King Louis IX paid for it half of the annual state budget - 135 thousand livres.
The crown of thorns became the best decoration of our Lord
Jesus Christ.
Notre Dame Cathedral, famous in Victor Hugo's novel of the same name, attracts tourists from all over the world. Someone's eyes are intensely looking out for the hunchbacked bell-ringer Quasimodo on the roof and smiling when they recognize Esmeralda's name on the cafe sign. But tourists don’t know much about the temple itself. Only that this is one of the main French cathedrals, stands on the Seine, famous for its stained glass windows and medieval chimeras. But it also houses the main Christian shrines.
Knights in white robes and ladies in black
There is always a long line at the cathedral, and on the first Friday of every month, when the ceremonial removal of the Crown takes place, it completely occupies the entire square. But this time there was real pandemonium - pilgrims came here from all over Russia.
And the most surprising thing was that the rite of worship was performed in Church Slavonic according to Orthodox canons. The crowd parts and a procession emerges from the sacristy - knights in white robes, ladies in black and, finally, the guardians of the Crown along with Catholic priests. The crown is carried around the temple and solemnly placed on the throne.
Just imagine! On the prime meridian, in the very heart of the French capital, in the Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris, Orthodox chants are heard from the speakers! Together with 4 Catholic priests, 24 Orthodox priests served on this day. The history of the Crown of Thorns was even told in Russian.
How it was…
Then Pilate took Jesus and ordered him to be beaten. And the soldiers wove a crown of thorns, placed it on His head, and clothed Him in scarlet robe (John 19:1-2).
A special event in the earthly life of our Lord Jesus Christ is His humiliation by Pilate’s soldiers. They decided to mock Him as “the king of the Jews.” They placed a Crown woven from thorns on Christ's head. They put purple robe (old red rags) on Him. They gave Him a reed in His right hand. And their mockery of Jesus Christ began: they knelt before Him and said: Rejoice, king of the Jews! After that, each of them spat on Christ and hit Him on the head. But the Crown of Thorns became the best adornment of our Lord Jesus Christ.
The Gospel does not say anything about whether Christ had a crown of thorns on his head when He hung on the cross of Calvary. And yet there was. The soldiers, no doubt, took it with them to Calvary, and when Pilate's inscription was nailed over Christ's head, saying: “Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews,” the Crown of Thorns was again placed on Christ's head to continue the mockery.
The symbolism of the Crown of Thorns also convinces us that it was on the head of Christ, nailed to the cross of Calvary. After all, the Crown on the Savior’s head is the totality of all the sins of the world, taken by Christ upon Himself.
Barefoot King
The stories of pilgrims who visited Jerusalem in the 4th century retained mention of the Crown of Thorns of Christ and the instruments of the Lord’s suffering. Mentions of the Crown are found in the texts of St. Paulinus of Nolan (409), St. Anthony the Martyr (570), Cassiodorus (575), and Bernard (870). From the 7th to the 10th centuries, the greatest shrines gradually began to be transported to Byzantium, fearing Persian raids.
At the beginning of the 13th century, Emperor Baudouin II of Courtenay of Constantinople pledged the Crown to a Venetian bank to pay off creditors, but was unable to redeem it. Then his cousin King Louis IX of France, nicknamed the Saint for his piety and true faith, paid the bank 135 thousand livres for the Crown of Thorns of Christ. This is almost half of the annual budget of France at that time. For his actions, the king was canonized by the Catholic Church.
With the greatest precautions to avoid substitution and, God forbid, not to lose the shrine, the Crown was transported from Constantinople first to Venice, and from Venice to Paris. Louis IX came out to meet the procession with the Crown of Thorns 40 kilometers from Paris. He took off all the royal regalia and walked barefoot in a simple tunic. All the way to Paris, he and his brother carried on their shoulders Crown of Christ .
This was in August 1238. Two years later they brought it to Paris a piece of the Holy Cross, and one of the four Nails , with which the INRI sign (that is, “Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews”) was nailed, and other shrines.
Why was Sainte-Chapelle built?
One of the most famous masterpieces of Gothic architecture, the “Holy Chapel,” was built specifically for the worship of shrines: along with the Crown and a fragment of the Holy Cross, one of the Nails driven into the body of Christ was also kept here. The chapel cost the state treasury three times less than the Crown of Thorns itself.
The thorns, of which there were about 70, were donated by Louis to other Christian states.
During the French Revolution, Sainte-Chapelle burned and the relics of Genevieve, one of the most revered saints in France, were burned. In order to secretly remove at least part of Wentz from the distraught Paris, the thorn weave was cut into three parts as a precaution. However, all parts were safely preserved.
The crown was transferred to the National Library, and in 1801 Napoleon gave it to the Archbishop of Paris. Napoleon I and Napoleon III presented reliquaries as gifts to store the fragile shrine.
The Crown of Thorns was then encased in a sealed crystal round case, decorated with gold floral designs. It is clearly visible that the body consists of three identical sectors connected by opaque jumpers. These bridges cover the incision sites.
In 1806, the Crown and other relics, also sealed in special transparent capsules, were placed in the treasury of Notre-Dame de Paris, where they are still kept.
Gift of the Patriarch
In the left aisle of the cathedral, almost opposite the altar, in a niche there is an icon of the Vladimir Mother of God - a gift from His Holiness Patriarch Alexy II, who several years ago served a prayer service at Notre-Dame before the Crown of Thorns.
Then, as this time, it was impossible to get into the cathedral - all the Orthodox Christians, all the Russians living in France, and a lot of Catholics came.
And this is no coincidence, because the Crown of Thorns placed on the head of Christ unites the hearts of all Christians of all ages and all peoples.
Olga Fedorovskaya
crown of thorns- a crown of plant branches with thorns (thorns), which, according to the Gospels, was placed on the head of Jesus Christ by Roman soldiers during His desecration.
Three evangelists write about the placing of a crown of thorns on Jesus Christ: and having woven a crown of thorns, they placed it on His head and gave Him a reed in His right hand; and, kneeling before Him, they mocked Him, saying: Hail, King of the Jews!At the beginning of the 13th century, Emperor Baldwin II of Constantinople decided to pawn the crown in the Venetian bank for debts in order to pay off creditors, but there was nothing to redeem it with, then King Louis IX of France (Saint Louis, canonized by the Catholic Church) bought the Crown of Thorns from the bank Christ for almost half of the annual budget of France - 135 thousand livres - a colossal amount. Louis the Saint inherited a difficult and fragmented state, and the bringing of great shrines to France was supposed to help him raise the religious prestige of the country
.It’s scary to think that if the strengthening European countries had not taken away many Christian shrines from Byzantium, then they would all have faced the fate of the hometown of St. Nicholas - Myra of Lycia, where the dilapidated Orthodox church is in stunning desolation. Even though they are Catholics, these shrines are preserved in Europe even today with amazing care and great respect.
The year was 1238. Louis IX came out to meet the procession with the Crown of Thorns and 28 other great shrines 40 (!) kilometers from Paris. He took off all the royal regalia and walked barefoot in a simple tunic. He and his brother carried the crown of Christ all the way to Paris. Two years later, a piece of the Holy Cross was brought to Paris. For these shrines, the chapel Sainte-Chapelle (Holy Chapel) was built - one of the most famous masterpieces of Gothic architecture, and this chapel cost three times less than the Crown of Thorns. Louis sent the Crown's thorns as a gift to other states.
During the revolution, Saint-Chapelle burned, the relics of Genevieve, one of the most revered French saints, were burned, but the crown survived and was transferred to the National Library, and in 1801 Napoleon gave it to the Archbishop of Paris. Napoleon I and Napoleon III presented reliquaries to store the Crown of Thorns.
Today the crown is kept in Notre Dame Cathedral, about which tourists only know that it is one of the main French cathedrals, stands on the Seine and is famous for its stained glass windows and chimeras, and in front of it is the starting point of the zero kilometer of France.
A huge number of legends are associated with Parisian cathedrals and, above all, with Notre Dame Cathedral. Adherents of esoteric teachings claim that the architecture and symbolism of Notre Dame Cathedral is a kind of encrypted code of occult teachings- it is in this sense that Victor Hugo spoke of Notre Dame as “the most satisfactory brief reference book of occultism.”First of all, it is said that medieval alchemists encoded in the geometry of Notre Dame the secret of the philosopher's stone. Fulcanelli saw many alchemical symbols in the architectural decoration of the cathedral. In particular, he wrote: " If, driven by curiosity, or just for the sake of an idle stroll on a fine summer day, you climb the twisted staircase leading to the upper floors of the cathedral, then walk leisurely along the narrow passage of the gallery of the second tier. Having reached the corner of the northern arch formed by the column, you will see in the middle of the string of chimeras an amazing bas-relief of an old man, carved from stone. This is him - Alchemist Notor Dama" writes Fulcanelli.
Another astrological symbol - the lunar cycle is reproduced by the so-called gallery of kings, 28 sculptural figures depict what are believed to be the kings of Judah, but according to the Bible, there were 18 or 19 of them - while the lunar month has 28 days - what do you say to that?The cathedral was badly damaged during the revolution, when the Jacobins cut off the heads of 28 biblical kings on the façade, mistaking them for French kings. The Gothic heads were discovered during excavations in 1977 and can be seen in the Museum of the Middle Ages.
And finally, another legend - about the devil-blacksmith. The doors of Notre Dame's gates are decorated with a wonderful pattern of wrought iron with equally amazing iron locks. A certain blacksmith named Biscorne was entrusted with forging them. When the blacksmith heard that he would need to forge figured locks and patterns for the gates of the most beautiful cathedral in Paris, he got cold feet. Thinking that he would never cope with this, he tried to call on the devil to help. The next day, when the canon of Notre Dame came to look at the work, he found the blacksmith unconscious, but in the forge a real masterpiece appeared to his eyes: figured locks, applied forged patterns, which were openwork intertwining leaves - in a word, the canon was pleased. On the day when the finishing of the gate was completed and the locks were cut in, it was impossible to open the gate! I had to sprinkle them with holy water. In 1724, the historian of Paris Henri Sauval already expressed some thoughts regarding the mystery of the origin of the patterns on the gates of Notre Dame. No one knew how they were made - whether it was casting, or whether they were forged - Biscornet - remained mute, the secret was lost with his death, and Sauval adds: “Biscorne, stung by remorse, became sad, became silent and He soon died. He took his secret with him without revealing it - either for fear that the secret would be stolen, or fearing that, in the end, it would turn out that someone had seen him forge the gates of Notre Dame "....The cathedral has another shrine, this is the NAIL with which Christ was crucified
. Nails of the Holy Cross Notre Dame houses a nail from the cross on which Jesus Christ was crucified. There are four nails of the cross: two are kept in Italy, and two in France - one in Notre Dame and the other in another cathedral in Paris. Although there is some debate as to the number of nails (three or four). There are also disputes about the authenticity of the relics: there are only 30 such nails in the world.
The Roman Church of Santa Croce also disputes the authenticity of French relics, and in particular, from the Cathedral of St. Siffren (Siegfried) of Carpentras. It is this nail from the Carpentras Cathedral that is surrounded by numerous legends. Firstly, this nail is not a nail at all, but a bit (an element of harness). Why the bit: according to legend, one of the nails (and according to other versions - three) with which Jesus Christ was crucified was discovered in Jerusalem by the mother of the Byzantine Emperor Constantine - Helen. From this nail she ordered a bit to be made for Constantine’s horse to protect him on the battlefield. After centuries, these same bits ended up in the Carpentras Cathedral. But sometimes they are also called a nail - the Holy Nail - because according to legend, this nail performed many miracles. During plague epidemics, the inhabitants of Carpentras used it as a talisman - touching the nail healed the sick and possessed. The facts of miraculous healings are officially recognized by the Vatican. And the most important miracle is that the nail from the cathedral in Karapntra has not rusted in almost two millennia of existence - they say that they tried to gild it, but the gilding lagged behind. There is an opinion that these bits actually have nothing to do with the crucifixion of Christ - and that in fact they were made here, on the spot, by the ancient Gauls. But whether this is true or not is unknown. In any case, the metal from which the bits from the Carpentras Cathedral are made does not oxidize in the most miraculous way - whereas There are no miraculous stories or legends about miraculous healings associated with the nail from Notre Dame - moreover, the Notre Dame nail is rusty.
It is impossible to imagine Paris without the famous Notre Dame! This is one of the main symbols of Paris. A beautiful cathedral, every stone of which breathes time and history.
