Why do all people have different characters, outlook and tastes in terms of science? Hypotheses and misconceptions that modern man should know about
All men are created equal
This statement, in which everyone wants to believe and which many dream of refuting, belongs to one of the greatest English philosophers, J. Locke (1632-1704). In 1679, Locke published his work entitled "Two treatises on state government”, where he substantiates this controversial thesis. The proponents of affirmation turned it over time into a slogan under which the masses and the revolution marched.
Those who are convinced of the correctness of Locke argue approximately as follows. All people are the same in origin, in structure, in their biological nature. There is no natural division in society into higher and lower. We all do some work, each in its own way benefits society. People share common responsibilities in relation to the team in which they are. We are equally responsible for our actions.
Each person deserves a respectful attitude, because in society there are no equals who are the most respected. There is a more convincing argument, which, however, is not perceived by atheists: all people are equal before God. Thus, the very way of life and the foundations religious faith serve as confirmation that people are indeed born equal. From this, far-reaching conclusions are drawn.
Firstly, each person has the same rights as the rest, cannot be infringed on them by law, but is under the protection of the state on an equal basis with other citizens. Secondly, anyone has the right to be content with those benefits of civilization that other members of society allow themselves. Thirdly, people must certainly be equal in property. No one can own more than the rest, because this will be an infringement of the property rights of people. It is essential that the state maintains a fair and equitable distribution of wealth.
English philosopher John Locke
Fourthly, all people should work equally, except, of course, the disabled and the elderly. No one should be dependent and fed at the expense of others. Fifthly, complete equality in society means the absence of titles, titles, ranks, etc. No one can stand above other people.
It is impossible not to recognize the justice of the words of the supporters of Locke, but one cannot ignore the fact that their proof of the necessity of equality, although based on correct premises, leads to incorrect conclusions. It turns out a kind of egalitarianism, against which the opponents of the zealots of universal equality rebel. People cannot be equal. We are born with different color eyes, hair, skin. We have different voices and different temperaments. People have completely different abilities, which are realized in different conditions.
We live, finally, in a different natural environment, as a result, the geographical position, climate and resources at our disposal automatically leave their mark on the individuality of each. In another area, completely different people live.
Interests, passions, inclinations, hobbies are also different for different people. Even twins differ from each other in their character and behavior. People cannot think the same way, dress the same, talk the same way, do the same job in the same way.
Different needs make us acquire all kinds of items that another person will not need. And unequal acquisitions require unequal costs. So, financially, people cannot be equal. As they will not be able to equalize in terms of property. Someone buys crystal as a home decoration, and someone buys paintings, but there will never be an equal sign between a painting and a vase.
The same wages are protesting. Chaos will begin when everyone will be paid the same amount, including serviceable and hardworking workers on a par with truants and notorious lazy people. At the same time, even equally hardworking workers have different innate abilities, and therefore cannot be equal to each other, since the best one must certainly receive greater rewards.
The idea of equality during the French Revolution penetrated all spheres human life (playing card with symbols of Equality - Egalite)
However, the iron logic of Locke's opponents also does not stand up to serious criticism. These people offer in return a society of equal opportunities and the law " certain place”, and the believers, instead of the equal love of the Lord, were provided with a karmic doctrine of fate. From all this it follows that people in conditions of democracy and freedom initially have equal starting opportunities. Those who fail to take their chance must occupy the worst places in life. One cannot agree with this.
It turns out that the political regime is enough for people from childhood to be brought up only the right way and acquired abilities and talents. The ludicrousness of this naive belief is evident. No democracy can ensure the full education of the individual. This is also supported by facts. Computer analysis of the reactions of infants learning to play showed that all children, except those suffering from hereditary dementia, are brilliant. It turns out that the "gray mass" of fools appears as a result of a fundamentally wrong upbringing.
It is also impossible to accept the assertion that a person has a place in life in advance, that is, “one who is born to crawl cannot fly.” According to the law of "a certain place", people do not choose their crafts, but on the contrary, crafts find us and make us work. In accordance with the status of occupation, a person acquires a certain respect from others. As a result, the position of a person in society is predetermined.
It is hard to believe in the validity of this dubious rule, which bears the loud name of the law. Suffice it to recall that in the West only for the period 1980-1992. over 11.7 million new jobs were created. Naturally, people born before 1980 did not come into life programmed for these 11 million activities, thanks to which many found themselves. Thus, a person does not have and cannot have any pre-planned place in life.
Prolonged disputes proved fruitless. Each side has strong arguments in favor of the correctness of Locke or against his statement. And at the same time, each side has completely unacceptable judgments. Some insist on egalitarianism up to depersonalization, others argue that there is a category of “second-class” people. There is no ready answer to the question of whether people are really equal. I want to believe that all people, no matter what, are equal.
However, a new question immediately arises: how does this equality manifest itself? The “equal in inequality” answer is like an oxymoron. The correct answer is only partly known. First, equality is about respect. Everyone deserves respect, even if they cannot contribute to society. The crippled, the handicapped, the feeble-minded and others deserve to be treated like human beings.
Second, equality implies opportunities for self-improvement. Each person should get a chance to learn, to reveal in himself secret talents, to master the craft to which he shows inclinations. But how much a person will show his abilities and knowledge, how much benefit to others, depends on him alone.
Thirdly, equality also lies in the right to understanding, moral support and psychological assistance. Each of us experiences an urgent need for psychological help several times during our lives, everyone dreams of being listened to at least once, everyone needs understanding from others.
These are the most important conditions for the existence of equality among people, and these conditions must be observed everywhere. Thus, people are equal and should receive almost everything equally from life. But at the same time, the weak need more protection, the strong need more work in which they could realize their full potential. And creative people need more freedom to express themselves. Obviously, it will be possible to build such a life only when the most important social problems are solved. And they will be solved when people feel equal.
This is not a vicious circle, just both processes must proceed simultaneously. The transformation of society will serve as a guarantee of the equality of people, and the fruits of this equality will bring new changes in public life. It is curious how deep the redistribution of the structure of society must be. It must preserve the foundations of our social existence, but at the same time have infinite creative depth.
The image of a woman served as the personification of Equality (Egalite) during the French Revolution.
The very restructuring of society must be creative, since people will have to create new places for themselves in life in order to find the long-awaited equality. If people simply leave their former places in order to occupy new ones, then, as the philosophers explain, no effect will come of this. Other people will come to the vacated places, also dissatisfied with their lot. Moving from place to place will not lead to positive changes, but will only cause more irritation among the disadvantaged.
God created us in his own image and likeness, but completely different. Not only do we not look alike, but we also differ in character. It's hard to even imagine how much imagination our creator has to create 6 billion people who are not alike. What exactly makes us different? Yes, everyone, someone will say, and he will be right. And yet I propose to make a journey into science, and find out what they learned there about us - people.
Even at school, in the course of biology, we went through four types of temperament. They guide our mood, our actions and even our thoughts. Temperament types are called: phlegmatic, sanguine, melancholic and choleric. All of them are very different from each other, but some scientists are convinced that all four types of temperament are hidden in every person. Just one dominates, and all the rest are additional. Let's figure out how to distinguish us by these types.
Choleric. Resistant to external influences, unbalanced, mobile. This is a fighting type, perky, quickly and easily irritated. Highly excitable.
Sanguine. Also strong to third-party influence, balanced, mobile. This is a hot and productive figure, if he is interested. Very sociable and adaptable.
Phlegmatic person. Resistant to influence, balanced, inert (sedentary). This is a calm, even and stubborn worker of life, who can become lazy, indifferent if he is not interested in business.
Melancholic. Weak to influence, unbalanced, inert. His behavior is characterized by a slow reaction of speech, thought and motor processes.
True, it is not always possible to correctly determine temperament, according to the characteristics of behavior, since under the influence of living conditions and upbringing, temperament traits can be masked. As a rule, this can be seen in an extreme situation, when a person does not have time to think about his actions, and he acts in a way that suits his temperament. We often encounter opposite types, but we don’t even pay attention to it. And people do not always seem pleasant and friendly to us, although the person is simply different from us.
Do we all know what type we are? According to the definitions described above, it is not always possible to objectively evaluate yourself. Therefore, to determine my type, I propose the well-known Belov formula. It is easy to use and the result is always true. So, from the statements below, you need to choose the one that applies specifically to us.
If you are a choleric: restless, fussy, unrestrained, quick-tempered, impatient, sharp, straightforward, decisive and enterprising, stubborn, resourceful in an argument, work in jerks, risk-averse, not vindictive, fast, passionate speech, unbalanced, aggressive, intolerant of shortcomings, have expressive facial expressions, speed and decision, striving for something new, impetuous movements, persistent, prone to sudden changes in mood.
If you are sanguine: cheerful and cheerful, energetic, homely, do not bring it to the end, tend to overestimate oneself, quickly grasp new things, instability in interests, easily experience failures, easily adapt, enthusiastically fight for a new business, quickly cool down to uninteresting, quickly get involved in work and easy to switch, burdened by monotonous work, not constrained in dealing with new people, hardy, efficient, loud and fast speech with rich facial expressions, maintain composure in a difficult situation, always cheerful, fall asleep and wake up quickly, not collected, hasty to make decisions, superficial and are often distracted.
If you are phlegmatic: calm and cold-blooded, consistent in business, cautious, able to wait, silent, calm, even speech, restrained, bring things to the end, do not waste energy, adhere to a strict daily routine, easily restrain impulses, not very susceptible to approval and censure, mild, constant in their relationships and interests, slowly get involved in work, are equal in relations with everyone, love accuracy and order, it is difficult to adapt to a new environment, have endurance, are somewhat slow.
If you are a melancholic: are shy and shy, get lost in a new environment, it is difficult to establish contact with strangers, do not believe in oneself, easily endure loneliness, are depressed and confused in case of failures, tend to withdraw into themselves, quickly get tired, involuntarily adapt to the character of the interlocutor, impressionable, susceptible to approval and censure, make high demands on yourself and others, have a quiet speech, suspicious, painfully sensitive, overly touchy, secretive and uncommunicative, inactive and timid, compliant and submissive, strive to evoke sympathy from others.
Ready? From each item, you need to highlight those qualities that apply to you. And now they need to be counted. How many pluses do you have in the first paragraph? In the second, third and fourth? And then recalculate how many pluses you have in total. Now we act according to the formula:
F \u003d X Ax A * 100%
Let me give you the following numbers as an example:
in the first paragraph - 8
in the second - 19
in the third - 5
in the fourth 12
The total number of pluses - 44
The formula will look like this:
- F = choleric 8 44 * 100% = 18%
- F = sanguine 19 44 * 100% = 43%
- F \u003d phlegmatic 5 44 * 100% \u003d 11%
- F = melancholic 12 44 * 100% = 27%
And the conclusion is that in this example, the scheme looks like this: C\u003e M\u003e X\u003e F
This shows that in each of us, there are all types of temperament. The type that comes first is our leader, all subsequent ones manifest themselves in different life situations.
That is why we react so differently to the same situation. This confirms once again that no bad people We're just all different. And someone will cry bitterly over the lost wallet, and someone will smile and say: it means that it was necessary. And you should not re-educate anyone, because nature gave it to them. Perhaps your pupil will pretend that he has changed, but it is not possible to change this, and in fact, he will simply play a role.
So many factors are responsible for our behavior that it is impossible to predict it. Upbringing, mood, well-being, temperament, character, everything - all this wakes up with us every day and walks without leaving for a minute. One imperceptible change in one of these factors, and lo and behold, we are no longer alike. Here, we fall in love, and we clash. We don't understand and get angry. And this is a daily process, but without it our life would be gray and bleak.
Levels of Human Development and why all people are different
All people are different! Remember who you sat at the same desk with and look at his fate, is it different from yours? People lived in the same yard, grew up in approximately the same environment, received the same knowledge, and the fates at the same time can often be radically opposite - one got drunk, chipped, the other became a president, a banker, etc.
Human development levels are the first characteristic that gives an understanding of why all people are different. One is talented and successful, and the other mediocrity and loser. Someone lives hundreds of lives, and someone the first or second.
The second characteristic is positivity, it also determines the degree of purity of a person's karma, that is, the degree of happiness and suffering that he deserves in life!
Levels of Human Development or why all people are different
Remember when they tell you - "All people are equal!", - never believe, this is a huge delusion, this is a deception, because absolutely all people are different! People are not equal in almost everything, no matter what it concerns.
All people are different in their own way appearance and manifestations, by nature, by goals and methods of achieving them, by habits and reactions, by the degree of happiness and suffering that they experience, by internal set personal qualities, abilities and talents that they possess, according to what they achieve in life.
Some, outstanding personalities - left a huge mark on the History of Mankind, and changed the world with their ideas and deeds. And about others, no one has ever heard and will not know, because they did not create anything significant, except for the difficulties for their loved ones.
Some, such as Mother Teresa, did great Good and left behind thousands of grateful hearts and saved destinies. Others, such as Adolf Hitler, committed terrible Evil, bringing suffering and death to millions of people.
Each person is absolutely unique in everything, including in his destiny and destiny. Although it would be fair to say that people, different groups of people have a lot in common, what unites them. But now is not about that!
The two main criteria for distinguishing all Humans (the main characteristics of a Human)
In traditional psychology, there are 4 types of human character or temperament types: phlegmatic, choleric, sanguine and melancholic. But, in fact - this is useless information! Because these characteristics do not at all determine the achievements of a person - neither the degree of his success, nor the degree of happiness and suffering that he experiences.
History knows great and successful people who were both choleric and sanguine, and melancholic and phlegmatic. Conversely, losers also have all four character types.
Consider the main and truly defining characteristics of a Human:
1. Level of Development! In fact, this is what a Man can and what he cannot - this is the degree of strength of his Personality, what peak he is able to climb, and what remains unattainable for him.
2. Positivity! This is the degree of conformity of all manifestations of a person (beliefs, goals, values, motives, methods, qualities, reactions, etc.) to Good or Evil. That is, a person goes to worthy goals, by pure methods, striving to act out of love and act according to conscience. Or does he live by the principle "man is a wolf to man","end justifies the means" and leaves behind suffering souls and ruined destinies.
In this article, we consider in more detail the levels of Human development, the levels of strength and achievements.
8 levels of human development on Earth
Basic definitions:
General level of human development- its main characteristic, primarily in the Subtle World. It is used to determine the karmic tasks of a person (the degree of complexity given for the implementation of tasks: one - to grow cucumbers, the other - to conquer countries).
External indicators of levels- external results already obtained by a person (career, place in society, achievements: one - sweeps the yard, the other - reforms the country, creates laws, etc.).
Internal indicators(visible in the Subtle World) - the complexity, strength, abilities, experience of the Soul (a wise soul that has gone through hundreds of incarnations and has great knowledge, abilities, experience, status and merit, or is it a beginner who was born for the first time in a human body and still does not know how to do anything ).
8 levels of development
1 level of development - Physical or Material Muladhara. In society- these are workers, peasants (sudras), work with hands. Core values of life- learn to work with your hands, build a house, give birth to children. The majority of people in the world are the first level, about 80%.
2 level of development - Ethereal or Social, corresponds to the goals and aspirations of the Svadhisthana chakra. In society- these are merchants (small businessmen), bourgeois (vaishyas), in modern society, these are also specialists, those who are masters in their field, the best (implies mental work, and not purely physical labor). Core values of life- enjoyment of the material world (its possibilities), sensual pleasures, achievement of comfort and power (through money, organization of small-scale production, etc.). At the second level, the quality of pleasures, their external form (beauty) and sophistication, etc. matter. There are about 15% of people on the second level on earth.
3rd level of development - Astral or Energy, corresponds to the goals and aspirations of the Manipura chakra. In society- charismatic strong personalities, leaders: managers of medium-sized businesses (owners of corporations), politicians, public figures (kshatriyas - warriors). Core values of life- the desire for energy strength, the development of one's own Personality, for power over oneself and one's destiny (for management and control), the desire for esoteric knowledge and the disclosure of abilities (including extrasensory ones). Third level people on the planet - about 3%
People of other levels on earth - approximately 2%
4th level of development - Mental or Informational, corresponds to the goals and aspirations of the Anahata chakra. In society- people of knowledge, outstanding scientists, researchers, innovators, inventors, those who create new knowledge, ideas and enrich humanity with their discoveries. And also these are Teachers, primarily Spiritual, who are mentors for others in their life path(Brahmins). Core values of life- service to society, development of people (leading them along the path of development), creation of new ideas, knowledge, theories.
5th level of development - Karmic, corresponds to the goals and values of the Vishuddha chakra. In society- these are creators, public figures, reformers capable of influencing millions of people, their talents are the magical influence of the word (great orators) and creativity. Core values of life- service to society, influence on people (on the masses), creativity, etc.
6th level of development - Buddhic, corresponds to the goals and values of the Ajna chakra. In society- great rulers, people great strength, will, ability to manage global systems (state, etc.). Such people are characterized by the most complex systems thinking, the ability to simultaneously solve dozens of very complex tasks, and successfully manage many processes. Core values of life- harmonious development, absolute management, leading the society (country) along the path of development (up the steps of perfection).
7 and 8 levels of development - Spiritual and Absolute(7 and 8 - transmutational or superconscious levels of development), correspond to the goals and values of the Sahasrara and Atman chakras (level 8). In society- these are Geniuses, Messiahs, Supermen: the founders of world Religions, Teachings, Empires (brahmas, divine people). These great Souls incarnate for great missions (at all times - only a few) - they are able to create the most complex systems of Knowledge that qualitatively change the world, as, for example, Christianity changed ancient world and, in fact, is the basis of modern European civilization. Core values of life- Serving God, realizing the plans and ideals of the Creator on a global scale (on the scale of all mankind) - the development and purification of people, their elevation to the next levels of development, the fight against Evil. And also - the disclosure of superpowers, universal love, etc. The main examples of such people are Christ, Buddha, Krishna, etc.
Good luck in knowing yourself! Sincerely, Vasily Vitalievich
Here I do not answer questions and comments, only on my Blog!
From time immemorial, people think differently, act differently, and succeed in different ways. And therefore, sooner or later, the question arises: why are people different, why are some of them smarter or more decent, and is there something that makes them so once and for all? Expert opinions differ on this matter. Some argue that such differences have physical preconditions and, therefore, they are inevitable and unchanging. For centuries,2 such physical bases included the bumps on the skull (phrenology), the size and shape of the skull (craniology), and today genes.
Other scholars have pointed to vast differences in people's lives, experiences, education, and the way they learn. You may be surprised to learn that Alfred Binet, the inventor of the IQ test, was a vocal advocate of this position. But wasn't the IQ test created to determine the "God-given" mental abilities of children? Not really. Binet, a Frenchman who worked in Paris at the beginning of the 20th century, compiled this test to identify students in Parisian municipal schools who did not benefit from education, so that new ones were developed for these children. educational programs that can help them get on track. He did not deny the existence of individual intellectual characteristics, but he believed that training and training could lead to fundamental changes in the mental abilities of children. Here is a quote from one of his seminal books, Modern Ideas for Children, in which he summarizes his work with hundreds of students who have learning difficulties:
“Some modern philosophers ... argue that individuals are endowed with a fixed amount of mental faculties and this amount cannot be increased. We must react and protest against such inhuman pessimism... Through practice, learning and above all technique, we are able to improve our attention, memory, judgment and become more intelligent than we were before.
And who is right? Today, most experts are inclined to believe that it is impossible to raise the question "either-or". Nature or nurture, genes or environment. From the moment of conception, there is a constant interaction between the one and the other. Moreover, as the famous neuroscientist Gilbert Gottlieb said, in the course of our development, genes and the environment do not just interact - genes require the participation of the environment in order for them to work correctly.
In the meantime, scientists have found that people are endowed with much greater abilities to learn and develop their brains throughout their lives than previously thought. Of course, each person has his own genetic "dowry" inherent only to him. At the start, people may have different personalities and different inclinations, but it is already clear that experience, training and their personal efforts can help them bridge the gap. As Robert Sternberg, a modern guru in the field of intelligence studies, writes, the main factor that determines whether a person reaches the level of competence in a particular area, “is not some pre-given ability, but his purposeful efforts.” Or, as his predecessor Binet acknowledged, it is not always the people who are the smartest at the beginning who turn out to be the smartest in the end.
People are so different, in their content and appearance, because each of them carries the genotype of individuality. And they are similar to each other only because they are part of one single whole. In fact, there are many more things that unite people with each other than separate them. Today, only one thing separates people, the service to mammon, when through this service the depersonalization of individual personality traits occurs. Where the main criterion for the existence of a money society is this depersonalization, while the service of people to God and to each other highlights the best qualities of the human personality. Man is an extremely contradictory being, completely different qualities can coexist in him, such as cruelty to people and reverent love for animals.
Man, as a person, is a product of education. You can be a talented engineer and a bad person, a brilliant artist and a murderer of your wife. Such examples can be cited as many as you like, but good people similar to each other, the bad ones are always different in their manifestations. Where there is similarity, there is evidence of the unity of people with each other. Kind, sincere, merciful people are always alike, regardless of national and religious affiliation. People who are cruel, deceitful, vengeful, envious are always extremely individual in their manifestations.
Why will the people of the future look so much like...
The people of the future are representatives of a single nation professing monotheism in its transcendental form. At the same time, most of the current mono-ethnic religions will be preserved, where the humanity of the future will live according to the same moral laws for all, so it will be so similar. Where society is, there is a form of organization of large human masses that allows people, despite all their differences, to live together.
Such a society will be interested in developing the individual traits of each individual. For according to the law of conformity, a person living in a community cannot exist by itself, its annals are formed and claimed by society, because a person cannot claim himself because he is a part of society, and not vice versa. Therefore, those who live in a single social environment, gradually become similar friend on the other, they have a need to create a common language for all interpersonal communication.
Today, in a rapidly globalizing world, humanity, like air, needs a new moral bond in order to form the annals of a global society. (Book 47 "The Religion of Repentance and the Global Future 2240" http://www.proza.ru/2015/02/08/1142). The best example of such a society is human body when many different internal organs consisting of individual cells, along with their life support systems, are a single and indivisible whole. Today, unfortunately, this is not the case, so from the pages of this book we talk a lot about the possibility of starting a new total war, where this possibility is seen more and more clearly.
Today, only quantitative changes are accumulating in the world, so tomorrow there will be a qualitative leap, when the creation of a global social contract and a religion of repentance will become urgent need for many, if not all.
Chapters From the book "Living Truth"
